Examples planting alternating rows of maize and beans, or growing a cover. Planting monoculture crops may seem an easy method of gardening but, in fact, the adverse effects of monocropping can lead to a number of issues down the road. On the other hand, intercropping is a multiple cropping system whereby two or more crop species are planted simultaneously on the same farmland in one planting season. We carry out the analysis from a private financial and from a national economic perspective. The nodule dry weight of faba bean was increased significantly by 1. Available formats pdf please select a format to send.
Performance of maizesoybean intercropping under various n. It was postulated that intercropping with green garlic would relieve the continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber by altering the soil microecology status. In mixed cropping or mixed farming, two independent crops are mixed together and grown in an area, whereas the intercropping is a multiple. Consequently, researchers have proposed general categories of benefits and utilities of intercropping. Intercropping offers farmers agronomic advantages over monocrop ping. In monocropping, traits in the chosen crop exploit the environment exclusively for that crop, and focus on increasing the availability and acquisition of limiting resources white et al. Despite the lack of transgressive overyielding in that study, the average cvs were 0. The processes involving ph modification, carboxylate exudation and phosphorus p dynamics in the rhizosphere of crops grown in intercropping are poorly understood. Mono cropping style production has significant problems and that there exists a sufficient justification for studying intercropping approaches. Conventional farming and monocropping systems in addition to depletion the natural resource, is caused environmental pollution. Intercropping significantly reduced soil olsenp only in 2012, soil exchangeable k in both years, soil cation exchangeable capacity cec in 2012, and soil ph in 2012. The continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber cucumis sativus l.
The results show that yields of the component crops in monoculture were relatively the same as in intercropping, resulted in a high land equivalent ratio ler. A factorial experiment was carried out at three dryland localities of. Information about the openaccess article protein fraction and digestibility of marandu, xaraes and campo grande grasses in monocropping and intercropping systems under different sowing methods doi. Difference between mixed cropping and intercropping with. This article contains a comparison of the profits of cultivating modern and traditional varieties of coconuts as a monocrop and as an intercrop, in ideal and in average growing conditions, with good and with average management. In mozambique, longterm maizelegume intercropping and zerotillage improved rainfall infiltration. Intercropping is a ways to increase diversity in an agricultural ecosystem. However, there are few published reports on soil fertility in intercropping relative to monocultures. Effect of monocropping and intercropping of vegetable. The economics of monocropping and intercropping by smallholders.
A potbased experiment was conducted to investigate the green garliccucumber intercropping and cucumber monocropping systems. The biomass potential and fertilizer n requirements of monocropped corn zea mays grown using conventional tillage were compared with those of corn intercropped with alfalfa. Intercropping is the companion planting method of growing one crop alongside another. However, in 2001, the varietal effect was significant for all the yield attributes and grain yield, but did not affect any of the variable in 2002 table 3. Stability comparison of intercropping and monocropping systems. Intercropping and crop rotation are alternative strategies applied in multiple cropping, the growing of two or more crops in the same piece of land. The results show that intercropping generates more income than. A general overview on intercropping and its advantages in. Both cropping systems have resulted to increased farm production and. Intercropping for enhanced yield stability and food security. Difference between mixed cropping and intercropping mixed cropping and intercropping are two methods of diversified farming techniques where more than one types of crops are grown in the same unit area. Comparison between land equivalent ratio ler and monetary advantage of the intercrop over monocropped maize and combined monocrop yield. The results showed that the cucumber shoot biomass was im. Intercropping can be defined as a multiple cropping system that two or more crops planted.
Intercropping is a common practice which allows for better resource use efficiency, increases yield stability as compared to monocropping. Soil total n tn did not differ between intercropping and monocropping in either year with the sole exception of maizefaba bean intercropping receiving 80 kg p ha. Intercropping effect on root growth and nitrogen uptake at different nitrogen levels. The ler is defined as the total land area required for monocropping system to give the grain yields obtained in the intercropping system.
Multiple cropping is not a new form of agricultural technology, but instead is an ancient means of intensive farming. The effect of intercropping of maize and soybean on. Intercropping effect on root growth and nitrogen uptake at. The solar corridor concept is a maize monocropping or intercropping system where plants are grown in single or twin rows twin row width. The ideotype required of a particular crop is likely to differ for monocropping and intercropping. Only the machinery necessary to maintain the crop needs to be bought. However, in all cases the highest total gross margin is achieved when the traditional crop enterprises are com bined with crop rotation see also figs 3 and 4. Interactive influences of intercropping by nitrogen on.
Intercropping creates biodiversity, which attracts a variety of beneficial and predatory insects that isnt possible with monoculture gardening. A metaanalysis of 69 intercropped systems found greater yield stability in grassgrain legume intercrops compared to those crops in monoculture. Pdf a general overview on intercropping and its advantages in. While there are some distinct advantages to this technique, it is environmentally questionable and can potentially lead to serious economic problems for. There are advantages and disadvantages of intercropping. Whereas these types of intercropping vary by spatial con. Multiple cropping has been practiced in many parts of the world.
When two or more crops are sown and cultivated at the same time in the particular area. Agricultural to concept of ways and methods of the operation of water resources. Pdf effect of monoculture and intercropping on radiation use. Key differences between mixed cropping and intercropping. What are the advantages and disadvantages of monocropping. Intercropping is more prevalent among households with more household members and more land than monocropping households.
Pdf on jan 20, 2009, yang gao and others published effect of monoculture and intercropping on radiation use efficiency and yield of maize. The secondary crops can provide shelter and even protect the primary crops. Impact of intercropping tomato and maize on the infestation of tomato fruit borer helicoverpa armigera hubner degri m. Monocropping is an agricultural practice in which the same crop is planted year after year, without practicing crop rotation or resting the soil. Intercropping has a number of advantages over monocultures. Difference between mixed cropping and intercropping. The difference between mixed cropping and intercropping are described in the points given below. Intercropping soyabeans with sunflower affected grain yield of. This arrangement allows for better light distribution to. For those who havent, you may wonder what is monocropping. The effect of intercropping of maize and soybean on microclimate. Department of economics, university of british columbia. The yield reduction in the intercropping systems for ld and md pigeonpea cultivars ranged from 7.
Intercropping, the agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, is an old and. Monocropping style production has significant problems and that there exists a sufficient justification for studying intercropping approaches. Intercropping perennials with corn has the potential to improve utilization of the growing season over monocropping corn in regions where a substantial portion of the growing season is too cool for corn growth. In contrast, strip intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crop species in separate, but adjacent, rows at the same time. The effect of intercropping of maize and soybean on microclimate hanming he, lei yang, liming fan, lihua zhao, han wu, jing yang, and chengyun li key lab. Intercropping can be defined as a multiple cropping system that two or more crops planted in a field during a growing season. Its cultivation could promote an agroindustrial development aimed. Protein fraction and digestibility of marandu, xaraes and.
A study in central malawi found that intercropping maize and pigeon peas under conservation agriculture produced almost double the vegetative biomass, and in drier years 33 percent more maize grain than conventionally tilled maize monocropping. Poor yields intercropping can lead to poorer yields. The crop is the same over the whole farm, therefore farmingmanagemnt decisions are simplified. Youve likely heard the term monoculture at one time or other. Crop rotation and intercropping are regarded as better cropping in terms of yield improvement of both cereal and legume crops as compared to monocropping. Monocropping is when the field is used to grow only one crop season after season. Intercropping also allows you to grow cash crops or any crop that will actually supplement the primary crop in some way. These advantages include reduced risk from natural calamities. Intercropping with various amounts of green garlic displayed significantly different effects on the nutrient element contents table 3 and and4. The present research work was conducted at horticultural research station, mondouri, faculty of horticulture, bidhan chandra krishi viswavidyalaya, nadia, west bengal, india from julydecember, 2017.
Intercropping enhances productivity and maintains the most. Research needs to be directed to test these alternatives. This is associated with an imbalance in soil microbial and ecological environment in longterm monocultures. Intercropping, the agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time, is an old and commonly. Miguel quemada, kristian thorupkristensen, intercropping effect on root growth and nitrogen uptake at different nitrogen levels, journal of plant ecology, volume 8, issue 4, august. Obviously, only in one out of the four cases does intercropping outyield one of the other two cropping systems, namely the monocropping system under the lowinput situation. Maize and pigeonpea intercropping systems in mpumalanga. Although intensive monocropping is much easier for largescale farmers, who plant and harvest one crop on. Intercropping sunflower with soyabeans enhances total crop. Intercropping is quite common around the world and it is not just farmers but also hobbyists and gardeners who practice intercropping. Intercropping is the traditional agricultural cultivation practice in the.
These agricultural crop planting practices assist in varying the set of soil nutrients, thereby reducing the likelihood of soil erosion. The aim of this study is to analyze the intercropping ability to enhance yield stability and ensure food security compare with monocropping systems. The potential of intercropping food crops and energy crop to. The shoot and root concentrations of n and p in the cucumbers were significantly increased in all treatments compared with monocropping table 3. Department of agronomy, faculty of agriculture, federal university, kashere, nigeria. Yields of both maize and pigeonpea in intercropping systems were generally lower than in monocropping systems in both the trials table 1. Monoculture crops learn about the effects of monocropping.
646 1111 1223 1395 664 1289 1599 1322 756 1143 1011 261 1667 1469 1573 1384 661 367 1067 762 1621 1126 781 1389 487 960 74 257 95 242 856 585